Common childhood condition ‘could increase risk of developing dementia’

A new study suggests a potential link between childhood asthma and an increased risk of memory difficulties, which could lead to a higher chance of developing dementia later in life. The research, conducted over a two-year period with 473 children, indicated that those with asthma performed worse on memory tasks compared to their peers without the condition. The findings raise concerns about the long-term consequences of childhood asthma on cognitive function.

Lead researcher Prof Simona Ghetti from the University of California highlighted the importance of recognising asthma as a possible contributor to cognitive challenges in children. The study observed that children who developed asthma earlier and had longer durations of the condition exhibited slower memory development. This association between asthma and memory issues could potentially extend to a heightened risk of dementia in adulthood.

Nicholas Christopher-Hayes, a psychology PhD candidate involved in the study, noted that asthma could set children on a path that increases their vulnerability to serious cognitive conditions like dementia in later life. While the exact mechanism linking asthma to memory problems remains unclear, experts suggest factors such as chronic inflammation and disruptions in brain oxygen supply during asthma attacks may play a role.

The study, which analysed data from 2,062 children with asthma, focused on episodic memory and cognitive functioning. Episodic memory is crucial for recalling personal experiences, emotions, and related details. The research, published in Jama Network Open, utilised data collected by America’s National Institutes of Health as part of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study, which involves 11,800 children.

In conclusion, this study sheds light on the potential impact of childhood asthma on memory function and cognitive health. Understanding and addressing the cognitive implications of chronic conditions like asthma early in life could be essential in mitigating long-term risks such as dementia. Further research and interventions may be necessary to support children with asthma in maintaining healthy cognitive development and potentially reducing their susceptibility to cognitive disorders in the future.