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‘Overlooked’ eye symptom ‘could be a sign of diabetes’

An often overlooked eye symptom could indicate the presence of diabetes, according to new findings. While many people are familiar with the common signs of diabetes like increased thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue, there is one lesser-known warning sign that warrants attention. Cindy Cai, an ophthalmologist at The John Hopkins Hospital, has highlighted a less recognised eye issue associated with diabetes, raising concerns that it is the ‘leading cause of blindness in American adults’.
Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that results from uncontrolled blood sugar levels at the back of the eye, causing damage to the retina, a crucial layer of photoreceptors essential for vision. If left undiagnosed, diabetic retinopathy can potentially lead to blindness. The significance of regular eye examinations to identify this condition early on is emphasised by experts.
According to the NHS, it may take several years for diabetic retinopathy to progress to a stage where it poses a threat to vision, but seeking treatment is crucial. The retina, a light-sensitive layer of cells at the back of the eye, transforms light into electrical signals that are then sent to the brain to create the images we see. Prolonged high blood sugar levels can harm the tiny blood vessels that supply the retina, leading to damage in three main stages. Early detection of eye problems allows for lifestyle modifications and appropriate treatment to prevent further deterioration.
Cai stresses the importance of regular eye check-ups, adopting lifestyle changes to control blood pressure and cholesterol levels, and quitting smoking to safeguard eye health. Individuals with type one or type two diabetes are at a higher risk of developing diabetic retinopathy, with increased susceptibility for those who have had diabetes for an extended period, are pregnant, of Asian or Afro-Caribbean descent, have had high blood pressure or cholesterol for a long time, or are currently pregnant.
In conclusion, maintaining optimal eye health is essential for individuals with diabetes as it can significantly impact their vision and overall quality of life. Regular eye examinations, blood sugar control, and lifestyle modifications are crucial in managing diabetic retinopathy and preventing potential blindness. Early detection and intervention play a key role in preserving eye health and reducing the risk of complications associated with diabetes. It is essential for individuals with diabetes to be proactive in caring for their eye health to ensure a better and brighter future.